Research unlocks the world of the child

 

Scientific research is convincing in its message that experiences from before birth to age three can shape a child’s lifelong physical, emotional and mental development.

  • Research confirms that a child’s experience up to the age of three years shapes its future out of all proportion to the rest of childhood.
  • A secure primary attachment is the main protective factor for the developing brain.
  • The first three years of life strongly determine the future wellbeing of a child, and their physical and mental health
  • Children’s wellbeing is economically and psychologically important to the wellbeing of the whole of society
  • Research makes the case why the emotional health of the under-threes should be at the heart of Government policy

This material appears in the form of summaries. Research published in peer-reviewed journals from the fields of neuroscience, psychology, biology, and the medical / health sciences is distilled into an accessible format.

This science affords vital insights into how early life experience impacts on the emotional development and wellbeing of young children and the potential impact on their future mental and physical health.

These research summaries were generously donated to the Parent- Infant Foundation by colleagues at the former 'What About The Children?' charity.

We are incredibly grateful to the whole team for their work raising awareness of the emotional needs of babies and children in their earliest years. We are pleased to be able to help them continue their legacy by sharing this work. We also gratefully accepted some remaining funding on their closure, which we will use to further our work supporting Parent-Infant relationships.

Particular thanks to the key team members at What About The Children? whose vision and commitment over 15 years enabled production of the Summaries, including:

Diana Dean – Founder and Director of the project (2009-2020)

Professor Sir Denis Pereira Grey (President: What About The Children? 2009-2020)

Dr Carole Ulanowsky (Coordinator, Science and Research Group, 2020-25)

Dr Elizabeth Bland (Research Website Coordinator 2021-24)

 

To browse the library you can either use the search function or choose a category on the left-hand side to look through.

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  • Critical Health Implications of Early Experience (27)
  • The Infant Brain: Epigenetics (24)
  • Quality of Parent-Infant Interaction (20)
  • Care for Under Threes (18)
  • Infant Stress (16)
  • Attachment (13)
  • The Perinatal Period Pregnancy: Birth and Beyond (12)
  • General (9)
  • Goodman Lectures (6)

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Two papers: Brain Development in Young Children

How the Timing and Quality of Early Experiences Influence the Development of Brain Architecture. (2010) Fox, S.E., Levitt, P. & Nelson, C.A. Child Development, 81 (1), 28-40.
Mapping Prefrontal Cortex Functions in Human Infancy. (2013) Grossmann, T. Infancy, 18(3), 303-324

Infants’ Neural Processing of Objects is Affected by Eye Gaze Direction and Emotional Expression

Hoehl, S., Wiese, L., Striano, T. (2008) Y. PLoS ONE, 3(6), 1-6 (Public Library of Science)

Early Experience in Humans is Associated with Changes in Neuropeptides Critical for Regulating Social Behavior

By Wismer Fries, A.B., Ziegler, T.E., Kurian, J.R., Jacoris, S., Pollak, S.D., PNAS: Nov.22, 2005, Vol.102, No. 47, pp.17237-17240

Infants’ stress responses and protest behaviors at childcare entry and the role of care providers

Ahnert, L., Eckstein-Madry, T., Piskernik, B., Porges, S. W. & Lamb, M.E.
Developmental Psychobiology (2021) 1-10

Toddlers’ stress during transition to childcare

K Nystad, MB Drugli, S Lydersen, R Lekhal, ES Buoen (2021) European Early
Childhood Education Research Journal, 29:2 157-182

Childcare outside the family for the under-threes, a summary of two related research papers

Childcare outside the family for the under-threes: cause for concern? Pereira Gray, D., Dean, D. & Dean, P.M. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2020) 113(4) 140-142#
Science versus society: is childcare for the under threes a taboo subject? Pereira Gray D., Dean D., Dineen M. & Dean P. Epigenomics (2020),10. 2217/epi-2020-0141 ISSN 1750-1911 Future medicine

Non-parental childcare during non-standard hours: Does participation influence child well-being?

Casey H. Boyd-Swan
Labour Economics 57 (2019) 85-101

Cognitive and non-cognitive costs of daycare 0-2 for girls

Fort M, Ichino A, Zanella G
Journal of Economic Literature (2016) Social Science Research Network. IZA Discussion Paper 9756 https://ssrn.com/abstract=2742544

Effect of Early Institutionalization and Foster Care of Long-term White Matter Development: a Randomised Clinical Trial

Bick, J., Zhu,T., Stamoulis, C., Fox, N.A., Zeanah, C. & Nelson, C.A. (2015)
JAMA Pediatrics. Published online January 26, 2015.